Leilton’s research integrates evolutionary and conservation genomics to understand how species evolve, persist, and go extinct in a rapidly changing world. He has a particular interest in small and endangered populations and evolution in tropical systems, with much of his work focused on birds. He received his Ph.D. in Zoology and Evolution from the Federal University of Pará, Brazil, and conducted postdoctoral research at Pennsylvania State University and Duke University. His work aims to connect evolutionary theory with conservation applications to better understand and protect biodiversity.